Surveillance
Resistance signals across organisms, drug classes and regions.
Illustrative operational scenarios; historical laboratory evidence is identified separately. No live surveillance, integrations or AI models are connected.
Historical antibiogram reference
Antibiogram IntelligenceHistorical laboratory evidence · 2023 / 2024
King Abdulaziz Medical City — Riyadh · Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs
Reported isolates, not patient cases. Not live or national surveillance. S = susceptible; I = intermediate (including the colistin column). Missing values are not zero. No pooled percentages, inferred resistance or validated AI claims.
2023 · All hospital departments
Reported organism rows; counts are not summed across overlapping departments.
- Escherichia coli
- 6,221 isolates · p.8
- Klebsiella sp
- 3,556 isolates · p.8
- Pseudomonas sp
- 2,432 isolates · p.8
2024 · All hospital departments
Reported organism rows; counts are not summed across overlapping departments.
- Escherichia coli
- 6,743 isolates · p.1
- Klebsiella sp
- 3,919 isolates · p.1
- Pseudomonas sp
- 2,842 isolates · p.1
Riyadh · Klebsiella pneumoniae
Days 1–9 · illustrative reporting cycle · 7 ICU isolates; association does not prove transmission.
Riyadh cluster — cumulative illustrative isolates
1
Day 1
2
Day 3
4
Day 5
5
Day 7
7
Day 9
Illustrative baseline: 2 isolates per 9-day cycle. Observed illustrative total: 7. These are story values, not validated alarm thresholds.
Data Collection
Hospitals, laboratories, pharmacies, providers, livestock and environmental sources
Analysis
Organisms, antimicrobial classes, cases, geography, demographics and trends
Dissemination
Dashboards, reports, alerts and stakeholder updates
Feedback
Expert review, local context and cross-sector collaboration
Decision-Making
Intervention recommendations, policy signals and investigation priorities
| Organism | Isolates | Resistance | Priority |
|---|---|---|---|
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 184,320 | 44% | Critical |
| Escherichia coli | 262,110 | 38% | Critical |
| Acinetobacter baumannii | 64,210 | 61% | Critical |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 148,900 | 31% | High |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 92,430 | 27% | High |
| Enterococcus faecium | 41,220 | 19% | Medium |
Registration channels
In person at primary healthcare centres and main hospitals, or electronically through text-message response and phone calls.
Registration teams
Each primary healthcare centre serves as the registration site for its neighbourhood; the nearest centre covers neighbourhoods without one.
Registration platform
A unified cluster-based platform, or existing systems, generates a registration number linked to the national ID and integrated with cluster electronic medical records.
Communication plan
A marketing campaign with mosque announcements, posters and flyers, social media and mass messaging with supporting entities.
Retrospective registration
Records of individuals already using Ministry of Health or National Guard services are retrieved and added, with follow-up contact for missing minimum data.
52%
Riyadh's Second Health Cluster (RC2)
- Registered
- 1,879,971
- Catchment population
- 3,600,000
Registered eligible population divided by the total eligible catchment population.